Version controller : What is GIT ?

Git is a source code management (SCM) system. 

GIT alternatives: CVS, Subversion, Perforce, Bazaar, and so on.

GIT Advantages:

Distributed 

Free & Open Source

Fast and Efficient

Unlike other version control systems, Git stores snapshots of file system, but not Differences.

Other Version controls: Maintains only Delta between two modifications.

Git : Every time you commit, it basically takes a picture of what all your files look like at that moment and stores a reference to that snapshot. To be efficient, if files have not changed, Git doesn’t store the file again, just a link to the previous identical file it has already stored.

Git Maintains Local Data base:

To browse the history of the project, Git doesn’t need to go out to the server to get the history and display it for you – it simply reads it directly from your local database

The Git directory (.git folder ) is where Git stores the metadata and object database for your project. This is the most important part of Git, and it is what is copied when you clone a repository from another computer.

 Below is the pictorial representation of Git system.

One more Image to demonstrate Git vs other Systems.